Please Do Your Own Research-Truth is Knowledge and Reading is Fundamental!!!
Who Started the Slave Trade?
Many people today believe that it was the Europeans that first initiated the Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade but that simply is not the truth! There was another race of people that actually started selling African/Hebrew slaves and that race of people are the Arabs. The Europeans jumped on the band wagon eventually causing the worst type of slavery that there has ever been.
The Trans Saharan Slave Trade was pioneered by the Arabs, they were responsible for selling the Hebrew Israelites into slavery to the European traders. There were over 112 million casualties of the Hebrew slaves by the hands of the "Islamic slave trade". It is said that between 10 and 18 million Africans were enslaved by Arab slave traders and taken across the Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and Sahara desert between the 650's and 1900's. That is why there is a staggering number of lives lost during this era, about 80% of the African slaves died before they could make it to the slave markets. Unlike the trans-Atlantic slave trade to the New World, Arabs supplied African slaves to the Muslim world, which at its peak stretched over three continents from the Atlantic, Morocco & Spain to India and eastern China. Arabs also enslaved Europeans, can you believe that, well its true! Just know that just about every race, heritage, religion, or a people have been enslaved at least one time or another throughout history, but never to the capacity of forgetting your entire race, creed, heritage, spirituality, and culture as the Hebrew Israelites have.
The Trans Saharan Slave Trade was pioneered by the Arabs, they were responsible for selling the Hebrew Israelites into slavery to the European traders. There were over 112 million casualties of the Hebrew slaves by the hands of the "Islamic slave trade". It is said that between 10 and 18 million Africans were enslaved by Arab slave traders and taken across the Red Sea, Indian Ocean, and Sahara desert between the 650's and 1900's. That is why there is a staggering number of lives lost during this era, about 80% of the African slaves died before they could make it to the slave markets. Unlike the trans-Atlantic slave trade to the New World, Arabs supplied African slaves to the Muslim world, which at its peak stretched over three continents from the Atlantic, Morocco & Spain to India and eastern China. Arabs also enslaved Europeans, can you believe that, well its true! Just know that just about every race, heritage, religion, or a people have been enslaved at least one time or another throughout history, but never to the capacity of forgetting your entire race, creed, heritage, spirituality, and culture as the Hebrew Israelites have.
Map of Arab Trans-Saharan Slave Trade
Trans Atlantic Slave Trade
Deuteronomy Chapter 28:68
"And Yahuah shall bring you into Egypt again with SHIPS, by the way whereof I spake unto you, You shall see it no more again and there you shall be sold unto your enemies as bondmen and bondwomen and no man shall buy you.
"And Yahuah shall bring you into Egypt again with SHIPS, by the way whereof I spake unto you, You shall see it no more again and there you shall be sold unto your enemies as bondmen and bondwomen and no man shall buy you.
The Atlantic Systems
The Slave trade was a by-product of the opening of Africa! The Atlantic slave trade arose after trade contacts were first made between the continents Europe, Africa, and Asia the "Old World" with North America and South America the "New World"! By the 16th century throughout the 17th and 18th century the British, Dutch, French, America's as well as the Portuguese had established outposts on the African coast where they purchased slaves from local African tribal leaders. The Atlantic Ocean, once a formidable barrier that prevented regular interaction between those peoples inhabiting the four continents it touched, became a commercial highway that integrated the histories of Africa, Europe, and the Americas for the first time. The Atlantic slave trade is customarily divided into two eras, known as the First and Second Atlantic Systems.
The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for only slightly more than 5% of all Atlantic slave trade. During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era, even though the Dutch, English, and French traders participated in the slave trade. Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier, and became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share to the Dutch, British and French. Starting from the 9th all the way till the 19th century slavery was a benefit to the Muslim countries.
The Second Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans by mostly British, Portuguese, French and Dutch traders. The main destinations of this phase were the Caribbean colonies and Brazil, as European nations built up economically slave-dependent colonies in the New World. Only slightly more than 6% of the enslaved people exported were traded between 1450 and 1600, 18% in the 17th century. It is estimated that more than half of the slave trade took place during the 18th century, with the British, Portuguese and French being the main carriers of nine out of ten slaves abducted from Africa. English Parliament passed an Act legalizing the purchase of slaves in 1545. 100 years prior to this, the Pope declared that possession of slaves was the right of all Christians. In one hand they bore a gun and in the other a Bible. The grand entry into slavery was triumphed as saving heathen souls. In a nutshell Yahuah had made Europeans his vicegerents on Earth and the land they took, and the people they traded like cargo was done in the name of "Jesus". And ironically the first ship to bring Africans to the Americas was called the “Good Ship Jesus.” The British were the biggest transporters of slaves across the Atlantic during the 18th century. The 19th century saw a reduction of the slave trade, that accounted to 28.5% of the total Atlantic slave trade. There were over 100 million slaves that lost their heritage, culture, and lives during this era in history.
The First Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans to, primarily, South American colonies of the Portuguese and Spanish empires; it accounted for only slightly more than 5% of all Atlantic slave trade. During the first Atlantic system most of these traders were Portuguese, giving them a near-monopoly during the era, even though the Dutch, English, and French traders participated in the slave trade. Portugal came under Spanish legislation that prohibited it from directly engaging in the slave trade as a carrier, and became a target for the traditional enemies of Spain, losing a large share to the Dutch, British and French. Starting from the 9th all the way till the 19th century slavery was a benefit to the Muslim countries.
The Second Atlantic system was the trade of enslaved Africans by mostly British, Portuguese, French and Dutch traders. The main destinations of this phase were the Caribbean colonies and Brazil, as European nations built up economically slave-dependent colonies in the New World. Only slightly more than 6% of the enslaved people exported were traded between 1450 and 1600, 18% in the 17th century. It is estimated that more than half of the slave trade took place during the 18th century, with the British, Portuguese and French being the main carriers of nine out of ten slaves abducted from Africa. English Parliament passed an Act legalizing the purchase of slaves in 1545. 100 years prior to this, the Pope declared that possession of slaves was the right of all Christians. In one hand they bore a gun and in the other a Bible. The grand entry into slavery was triumphed as saving heathen souls. In a nutshell Yahuah had made Europeans his vicegerents on Earth and the land they took, and the people they traded like cargo was done in the name of "Jesus". And ironically the first ship to bring Africans to the Americas was called the “Good Ship Jesus.” The British were the biggest transporters of slaves across the Atlantic during the 18th century. The 19th century saw a reduction of the slave trade, that accounted to 28.5% of the total Atlantic slave trade. There were over 100 million slaves that lost their heritage, culture, and lives during this era in history.
The different ethnic groups brought to the Americas closely corresponds to the regions of heaviest activity in the slave trade. Over 45 distinct ethnic groups were taken to the Americas during the trade. Of the 45, the ten most prominent according to slave documentation of the era are listed below.
1. The Gbe speakers of Togo, Ghana and Benin (Adja, Mina, Ewe, Fon) 2. The Akan of Ghana and Cote d'Ivoire 3. The Mbundu of Angola (includes Ovimbundu) 4. The BaKongo of the Democratic Republic of Congo and Angola 5. The Igbo of southeastern Nigeria 6. The Yoruba of southwestern Nigeria 7. The Mandé speakers of Upper Guinea 8. The Wolof of Senegal and The Gambia 9. The Chamba of Cameroon 10. The Makua of Mozambique |
The Alfred Plan by Gil Scott Heron
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Ship AhoyPosted by seker4me
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The Middle Passage
European ships crisscrossed the Atlantic using a triangular or three legged business route between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. The first leg of the triangle was from a European port to Africa, in which ships carried supplies for sale and trade, such as copper, cloth, trinkets, slave beads, guns and ammunition. When the ship arrived, its cargo would be sold or bartered for slaves. The Middle Passage is considered the second leg of the Triangular trade. This era of slavery was the most horrific and frightening for the African slaves because they were kidnapped from their tribes and taken from their homeland and sold into slavery for raw materials. Africans carried to North America, including the Caribbean, left from mainly West Africa, through the Bights of Biafra, Bight of Benin and the Gold Coast. Between the 16th and the 19th century, the Bight of Biafra was the scene of extensive slave-dealing operations, within the Middle Passage. The ship then returned to Europe to complete the triangle. An estimated 14.6% of slaves were taken from the Bight of Biafra between 1650 and 1900, the third greatest percentage in the era of the transatlantic slave trade. One of the main ethnic groups enslaved in this era lasting between the 16th and late 19th century was the Igbo tribe.
Slavery led to the exploitation and oppression of Africa and Africans. For over four hundred years, European colonists brought Africans to the New World as slaves to clear vast tracts of land for the cultivation of sugar, rice, cotton, and tobacco. Millions more were kidnapped and enslaved, African societies were ransacked, and entirely new societies built on the labor and lives of Africans. Slavery and colonialism were carried out for the economic enrichment of Europe and its descendants, with the legal and political sanction of presidents, prime ministers and the Church. It was this exploitation of African labor that led to the expansion of theI industry across Britain, the United States and the world. Slavery and colonialism also created the circumstances, which confine Africans and African nations to some of the worst conditions experienced by any people in the world today.
The European treatment of enslaved Africans from the late 1400's on was influenced by myths of black inferiority and the promise of wealth that could be gained by using slave labor. It is said about twelve million Africans were forcibly transported across the Atlantic Ocean to the Americas. About 8% were brought to North America after 1619, and the rest of the slaves were carried to the islands of the Caribbean and the shores of Central and South America. Crowded vessels sailing to the Caribbean from West Africa first had to sail south before turning north-west and passing through the doldrums. During the journey slaves traveled most of the way lying down, because there wasn't enough room for standing or sitting. They were branded with hot irons like cattle, for manufacturing purposes, they were separated by gender, kept naked, packed close together, and the men were chained for long periods of time. No less than 26 percent of those on board were classed as children, a ratio that no other pre-twentieth century migration could come close to matching, except for the illegal period of the trade when conditions at times became even worse, slave traders typically packed two slaves per ton. They were fed a diet of beans, yams and corn mush .Throughout the slave trade era, filthy conditions ensured endemic gastrointestinal diseases, and a range of epidemic pathogens that, together with periodic breakouts of violent resistance, meant that between 20% percent of those embarked did not survive the voyage including white crew members, about 4% of the slaves never made it to the ships.
Between 1650 and 1900, 10.24 million African slaves arrived in the Americas from the following regions in the following proportions:[32]
1. Senegambia (Senegal and The Gambia): 4.8%
2. Upper Guinea (Guinea-Bissau, Guinea and Sierra Leone): 4.1%
3. Windward Coast (Liberia and Cote d' Ivoire): 1.8%
4. Gold Coast (Ghana and east of Cote d' Ivoire): 10.4%
5. Bight of Benin (Togo, Benin and Nigeria west of the Niger Delta): 20.2%
6. Bight of Biafra (Nigeria east of the Niger Delta, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon): 14.6%
7. West Central Africa (Republic of Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo and Angola): 39.4%
8. Southeastern Africa (Mozambique and Madagascar): 4.7%
1. Senegambia (Senegal and The Gambia): 4.8%
2. Upper Guinea (Guinea-Bissau, Guinea and Sierra Leone): 4.1%
3. Windward Coast (Liberia and Cote d' Ivoire): 1.8%
4. Gold Coast (Ghana and east of Cote d' Ivoire): 10.4%
5. Bight of Benin (Togo, Benin and Nigeria west of the Niger Delta): 20.2%
6. Bight of Biafra (Nigeria east of the Niger Delta, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea and Gabon): 14.6%
7. West Central Africa (Republic of Congo, Democratic Republic of Congo and Angola): 39.4%
8. Southeastern Africa (Mozambique and Madagascar): 4.7%
A G.lee Inc. Presentation
Trans Atlantic Slave Trade: African American or Ancient Hebrew Pt. 5
A Visual/Audio Presentation
A Visual/Audio Presentation
The Black Holocaust
The Black Holocaust is a topic that is avoided, never addressed and never taught! You will not learn or even hear about this topic in schools no matter what level it is. If it is taught or even mentioned at all, little thought or detail is given about it. We learn about everyone else's genocides, but we rarely hear about ours, the descendents of the slaves in the Trans Atlantic Slave Trade, the true Hebrew Israelites. Is it taboo to talk about how many slaves lost their lives during the slave trade? Is it taboo to talk about how many slaves lost their lives during slavery? What about the blacks that lost their lives after slavery was abolished? Lets not talk about all the lynchings, the abortions, and the deadly drugs being pushed into our neighborhoods! Lets not talk about how the Black Holocaust(genocide) is still going strong today! Well on this site it is not taboo but unveiled truth.
Strange Fruit
Southern trees bear strange fruit, Blood on the leaves and blood at the root, Black body swinging in the Southern breeze, Strange fruit hanging from the poplar trees. Pastoral scene of the gallant South, The bulging eyes and the twisted mouth, Scent of magnolia sweet and fresh, Then the sudden smell of burning flesh! Here is fruit for the crows to pluck, For the rain to gather, for the wind to suck, For the sun to rot, for the tree to drop, Here is a strange and bitter crop. By Billie Holiday |
During the Slave Trade almost ONE HUNDRED MILLION slaves lost their lives. That's not something they'll teach you in school but they'll take you to the movies to see "Schindler's List". When was the last time a school took students to the movies to see "Roots"? If "Roots" is too old then take them to see "Amistad". Did you know that around ONE BILLION slaves lost their lives during colonization(slavery) in America? Mr. or Mrs. All American school teacher is not going to drop those numbers on you. They never give you those statistics during Black History month which is the shortest and one of the coldest months of the year. These are things we need to know. Just to clear this up, we here at The Hidden Truth do not take away from what happen to the Jews in Germany, Poland and where ever else. That was an atrocious and demonic act that no race or nationality should have had to endure. We have suffered a mass amount of deaths in the past and we are currently suffering from a mass amount of deaths as a race. The true number of our continued genocide will never be known because of media black out, abortion, and other distortions of the truth. The one question that we should ask ourselves and the government-Why are we being denied the facts?
Maafa 21 - Black Genocide in 21st Century America - full documentary
Posted by teamgrn
Explains the Black Holocaust and MAAFA aka black genocide plan. This is a must watch. It is very eye opening and educational.
Posted by teamgrn
Explains the Black Holocaust and MAAFA aka black genocide plan. This is a must watch. It is very eye opening and educational.
"Secret" to controlling black slaves
It is said that a pivotal point in the way slaves were treated was because of the British slave owner William Lynch, he owned slaves in the West Indies. He concocted a plan on how to "tame the savage beast", the "African" slaves. He implemented this horrific indoctrination amongst the slaves throughout the Caribbean and Central America. During this time American slave owners in Virginia and throughout were having difficulties controlling their slaves and desperately asked for the advice of Willie Lynch. He informed them that their current way of disciplining the slaves was highly counterproductive and he would share his full proof, effective plan of action with them.
This speech was delivered by Willie Lynch on the bank of the James River in the colony of Virginia in 1712. He was invited to the colony of Virginia in 1712 to teach his methods to slave owners. The term “lynching” is derived from his last name. Here is a copy of the original speech turned into a letter, to disperse throughout America equipping the people with the right tools to dis-empower, oppress, and indoctrinate the entire slave population in America.
A “lynching consisted of:
Gentlemen. I greet you here on the bank of the James River in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and twelve. First, I shall thank you, the gentlemen of the Colony of Virginia, for bringing me here. I am here to help you solve some of your problems with slaves. Your invitation reached me on my modest plantation in the West Indies, where I have experimented with some of the newest, and still the oldest, methods for control of slaves. Ancient Rome would envy us if my program is implemented. As our boat sailed south on the James River, named for our illustrious King, whose version of the Bible we cherish, I saw enough to know that your problem is not unique. While Rome used cords of wood as crosses for standing human bodies along its highways in great numbers, you are here using the tree and the rope on occasions. I caught the whiff of a dead slave hanging from a tree, a couple miles back. You are not only losing valuable stock by hangings, you are having uprisings, slaves are running away, your crops are sometimes left in the fields too long for maximum profit, you suffer occasional fires, your animals are killed. Gentlemen, you know what your problems are; I do not need to elaborate. I am not here to enumerate your problems, I am here to introduce you to a method of solving them. In my bag here, I HAVE A FULL PROOF METHOD FOR CONTROLLING YOUR BLACK SLAVES. I guarantee every one of you that, if installed correctly, IT WILL CONTROL THE SLAVES FOR AT LEAST 300 HUNDREDS YEARS. My method is simple. Any member of your family or your overseer can use it. I HAVE OUTLINED A NUMBER OF DIFFERENCES AMONG THE SLAVES; AND I TAKE THESE DIFFERENCES AND MAKE THEM BIGGER. I USE FEAR, DISTRUST AND ENVY FOR CONTROL PURPOSES. These methods have worked on my modest plantation in the West Indies and it will work throughout the South. Take this simple little list of differences and think about them. On top of my list is “AGE,” but it’s there only because it starts with an “a.” The second is “COLOR” or shade. There is INTELLIGENCE, SIZE, SEX, SIZES OF PLANTATIONS, STATUS on plantations, ATTITUDE of owners, whether the slaves live in the valley, on a hill, East, West, North, South, have fine hair, course hair, or is tall or short. Now that you have a list of differences, I shall give you an outline of action, but before that, I shall assure you that DISTRUST IS STRONGER THAN TRUST AND ENVY STRONGER THAN ADULATION, RESPECT OR ADMIRATION. The Black slaves after receiving this indoctrination shall carry on and will become self-refueling and self-generating for HUNDREDS of years, maybe THOUSANDS. Don’t forget, you must pitch the OLD black male vs. the YOUNG black male, and the YOUNG black male against the OLD black male. You must use the DARK skin slaves vs. the LIGHT skin slaves, and the LIGHT skin slaves vs. the DARK skin slaves. You must use the FEMALE vs. the MALE, and the MALE vs. the FEMALE. You must also have white servants and overseers [who] distrust all Blacks. But it is NECESSARY THAT YOUR SLAVES TRUST AND DEPEND ON US. THEY MUST LOVE, RESPECT AND TRUST ONLY US. Gentlemen, these kits are your keys to control. Use them. Have your wives and children use them, never miss an opportunity. IF USED INTENSELY FOR ONE YEAR, THE SLAVES THEMSELVES WILL REMAIN PERPETUALLY TRUSTFUL. Thank you gentlemen.”
This speech was delivered by Willie Lynch on the bank of the James River in the colony of Virginia in 1712. He was invited to the colony of Virginia in 1712 to teach his methods to slave owners. The term “lynching” is derived from his last name. Here is a copy of the original speech turned into a letter, to disperse throughout America equipping the people with the right tools to dis-empower, oppress, and indoctrinate the entire slave population in America.
A “lynching consisted of:
- A notice to other whites in neighboring towns, so they could witness the lynching;
- A great event with thousands of spectators
- They would burn the innocent black male sometimes females at the stake, only after being castrated.
- The christian observers, took parts of the mutilated, burnt, deceased body as souvenirs, and took pictures of the gruesome act for post cards.
Gentlemen. I greet you here on the bank of the James River in the year of our Lord one thousand seven hundred and twelve. First, I shall thank you, the gentlemen of the Colony of Virginia, for bringing me here. I am here to help you solve some of your problems with slaves. Your invitation reached me on my modest plantation in the West Indies, where I have experimented with some of the newest, and still the oldest, methods for control of slaves. Ancient Rome would envy us if my program is implemented. As our boat sailed south on the James River, named for our illustrious King, whose version of the Bible we cherish, I saw enough to know that your problem is not unique. While Rome used cords of wood as crosses for standing human bodies along its highways in great numbers, you are here using the tree and the rope on occasions. I caught the whiff of a dead slave hanging from a tree, a couple miles back. You are not only losing valuable stock by hangings, you are having uprisings, slaves are running away, your crops are sometimes left in the fields too long for maximum profit, you suffer occasional fires, your animals are killed. Gentlemen, you know what your problems are; I do not need to elaborate. I am not here to enumerate your problems, I am here to introduce you to a method of solving them. In my bag here, I HAVE A FULL PROOF METHOD FOR CONTROLLING YOUR BLACK SLAVES. I guarantee every one of you that, if installed correctly, IT WILL CONTROL THE SLAVES FOR AT LEAST 300 HUNDREDS YEARS. My method is simple. Any member of your family or your overseer can use it. I HAVE OUTLINED A NUMBER OF DIFFERENCES AMONG THE SLAVES; AND I TAKE THESE DIFFERENCES AND MAKE THEM BIGGER. I USE FEAR, DISTRUST AND ENVY FOR CONTROL PURPOSES. These methods have worked on my modest plantation in the West Indies and it will work throughout the South. Take this simple little list of differences and think about them. On top of my list is “AGE,” but it’s there only because it starts with an “a.” The second is “COLOR” or shade. There is INTELLIGENCE, SIZE, SEX, SIZES OF PLANTATIONS, STATUS on plantations, ATTITUDE of owners, whether the slaves live in the valley, on a hill, East, West, North, South, have fine hair, course hair, or is tall or short. Now that you have a list of differences, I shall give you an outline of action, but before that, I shall assure you that DISTRUST IS STRONGER THAN TRUST AND ENVY STRONGER THAN ADULATION, RESPECT OR ADMIRATION. The Black slaves after receiving this indoctrination shall carry on and will become self-refueling and self-generating for HUNDREDS of years, maybe THOUSANDS. Don’t forget, you must pitch the OLD black male vs. the YOUNG black male, and the YOUNG black male against the OLD black male. You must use the DARK skin slaves vs. the LIGHT skin slaves, and the LIGHT skin slaves vs. the DARK skin slaves. You must use the FEMALE vs. the MALE, and the MALE vs. the FEMALE. You must also have white servants and overseers [who] distrust all Blacks. But it is NECESSARY THAT YOUR SLAVES TRUST AND DEPEND ON US. THEY MUST LOVE, RESPECT AND TRUST ONLY US. Gentlemen, these kits are your keys to control. Use them. Have your wives and children use them, never miss an opportunity. IF USED INTENSELY FOR ONE YEAR, THE SLAVES THEMSELVES WILL REMAIN PERPETUALLY TRUSTFUL. Thank you gentlemen.”
In 1832 during a session of the Virgina House of Delegates, Henry Berry describes the conditions of the south since implementing this diabolical, sinister, plan by Willie Lynch, he states: "We have, as far as possible, closed every avenue by which light may enter their (the slaves) minds. If we could extinguish the capacity to see the light, our work would be complete; they would then be on a level with the beasts of the field and we should be safe. I am not certain that we would not do it, if we could find out the process and that on the plea of necessity." From Brown America, The story of a New Race by Edwin R. Embree. 1931 The Viking Press.
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The Final Thought!
The Trans Saharan Slave Trade, The Trans Atlantic Slave Trade, The Middle Passage, The Black Holocaust, and the Willie Lynch Speeches were not just an era that happen to our society we are still combating the atrocities of it today. Our Black males are targeted, profiled, and harassed, our Black Women are abused, undervalued, and disrespected, our Black Children are mis-educated, misinformed, and misguided and there seems to be no clear view of the so called "American Dream" it has been a "Nightmare"!
A G.Lee Inc. Presentation
The Psychological Effects of Slavery on the African-American slave (Hebrew)
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The Black Holocaust: African American or Ancient Hebrew Pt.6A Video/Audio Presentation
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The Letters, The Letters, The Willie Lynch Letter:African American or Ancient Hebrew pt.7--A Video/Audio Presentation
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References
Martha Glauber Shapp, M.A.(2006). African Americans. The Slave Trade. The New Book of Knowledge 1st ed.
(vol. 1-A, pgs79d-79f). Scholastic Library Publishing, Inc. United States
The Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database. Voyages
http://slavevoyages.org/tast/assessment/essays-intro-09.faces
Trans Atlantic Slave Trade. Legacies in Africa, Americas , Caribbean
http://www.africanholocaust.net/articles/TRANSATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE.ht
Milford F. Plaines(May 30,1996). African American Holocaust. http://www.maafa.org/index.html
(vol. 1-A, pgs79d-79f). Scholastic Library Publishing, Inc. United States
The Trans Atlantic Slave Trade Database. Voyages
http://slavevoyages.org/tast/assessment/essays-intro-09.faces
Trans Atlantic Slave Trade. Legacies in Africa, Americas , Caribbean
http://www.africanholocaust.net/articles/TRANSATLANTIC SLAVE TRADE.ht
Milford F. Plaines(May 30,1996). African American Holocaust. http://www.maafa.org/index.html